Complete Power Plant Simulator

Complete Power Plant Simulator: Generation, Transformation, Transport, Distribution and Consumption

MAIN TARGET: The main target of this Simulator is to train technical students, workers and even teachers, in how the Energy can be generated, transformed, transported, distributed and how it can be consumed. Additionally PSS12 allows to simulate all the procedures carried out in real power plant to star up the generation plant, to run it and to connect it to the National grid (Electrical Network), etc. STRUCTURE OF THE COMPLETE SIMULATOR: The Complete Simulator is formed by two main parts, the first part (a) with 14 Units and the second one (b) the Simulation with Generation System Software (Hybrid System) . a) Small Scale Electric Power System: This Small Scale Electric Power System consists of 14 different units ( 1AG1 Generator Unit, 2AG2 Generator and Auxiliary Services Cubicle, 3AT3 Power Transformer, 4AL4 Substation and Lines Cubicle, 5AC5 Loads and Network Equivalents Cubicle, 6BEN1 Electric Control Board 1 ( energy generation) , 7BEL1 Electric Control Board 2 ( transformation and lines) , 8BCE1 Electric Control Desk, 9BPR2 Electric Control Board 3 (spare), 10CVW1 Videowall, 11CEP1 Energy Control Desk, 12DAD1-13DAD2-14DAD3 Control Boards (slides)). This Complete Simulator is built with the same devices as those used in the real Power Plants. Therefore the system reproduces at small scale the functioning of a real Power System. Not only the steps for starting a Power Plant, but many faults can be simulated. b) Software Packages: 8 Software Packages, which allow to simulate 8 different Electric Power Plants, as follow:

• Nuclear Power Station (ref. CN).

• Diesel Thermal Station (ref. CTD).

• Fossil Fuel Thermal Station (ref. CTCF).

• Combined Cycle Thermal Station (ref. CTCC).

• Hydroelectric Station (ref. CHD).

• Wind-powered Station (ref. CE).

• Photovoltaic Solar Station (ref. CSFV).

• Heliothermic Solar Station ( ref. CHST). * and anyone requested by the customer. This is an Hybrid System as combines hardware and software using the proper mathematics models. The final configuration of the Complete Simulator will be formed by: 1) One small scale Electric Power System. 2) At least, one of the eight Software Packages mentioned above. The customer will decide which ( any or all of them) of the software packages wants to buy. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS: 0) General:

• EDIBON' s PSS12 Simulator has the possibility of simulating different type of Power Plants by changing the inertia constant ( H) of the Power Plant, only changing the inertia flywheels in the generator. Besides the graphic features of EDIBON' s Simulator are greater than other one. This is due to the fact that in EDIBON' s Simulator it is possible to observe, step by step, the plant starting, the alarms, the evolution of excitation current, voltage, powers, lines voltages and currents, etc. by means of computer graphics. Regarding the fault analysis, there can as well be watched, in the several subscreens available in the videowall the oscilloperturbographs of the short circuits.

1) Generation:

• Generator: 5.5 KW three-phase asynchronous squirrel cage motor-5KVA three-phase synchronous generator. Automatic voltage regulator ( this device is the same one used in real Power Plants) . Two different oscillation types. Automatic synchronization of the group to network. 2) Power Transformers:

• - 5 KVA power transformer. 3) Generator + Transformer Protection :

• It consists of an integrated protection system, controlled by microprocessor with possibility of computer connection to show fault graphics and operation parameters adjustment. The protection system is the same than the real ones used in real Power Plants. This system has the following protections ( SIEMENS protections of the latest generation) : ANSI Code Description - 51 V Inverse time overcurrent, with voltage restraint. - 59 Overvoltage. - 27 Undervoltage. - 87 G Generator differential protection. - 87 G + T Block ( Generator + Transformer) Differential Protection. - 64 G Stator to ground fault protection. - 64 R Rotor to ground fault protection. - 40 Excitation loss. - 46 Unbalanced load. - 32 Reverse Power. - 24 Overexcitation ( V/ Hz) . - 2AG2. Generator and Auxiliary Services Cubicle. Separated cubicle to simulate all type of short circuits near the generator ( single-phase, two-phases, three phases...short circuits) . 4) Substation and Lines ( 4AL4. Substation and Lines Cubicle and 7BEL1. Electric Control Board 2 ( Transformation and Lines):

• Cubicle with a power system diagram, equipped with signalling and control switches, similar to the ones used in the real Power Plants. - Lines protection by means of SIEMENS protections of the latest generation, controlled by microprocessor and with link possibility by means of a bus to a PC and visualization of fault oscilloperturbographs. - It includes: Protection System: ANSI Code Description 21 Distance protection with autoreclosure function. 67 Directional overcurrent. 51/ 51N Inverse time overcurrent.

• Different type of faults are simulated by means of pushbuttons in a 4AL4 separate cubicle. Lines are monitored by means of a network analyzer that gives power, voltage and current measurements and sends by bus connection to a PC. The length of the lines can be modified. 5) Loads and Network Equivalents:

• The Low Voltage connection to resistive loads, inductances and capacitances can be executed in three steps in order to make several combinations. Different unbalanced loads can be selected in order to test this type of protection. Different interconnections points with the network are simulated by means of network equivalents reactances that can be changed in different steps. 6) Other important elements included:

• Automatic generator voltage regulator (AVR).

• VIDEOWALL - Visualization possibility of the Power Plant operation, starting/ stop, animated graphics, images and schemes, etc., generator faults and alarms. - Real time faults graphic detected by protections, ( current, generator excitation voltage, active and reactive power graphics, etc.).

• Cubicles with graphic display of the Plant operation.

• Alarm display, with examination and procedures of those just as it is carried out in a Power Plant.

• Energy Control Desk: - Equipped with 3 touch screens for controlling the Plant´ s starting and shut down and controlling the alarms.

• Electric Control Desk: - With a diagram of the power system of signalling and control turn-pushbuttons, similar to those used in Power Plants. - It is equipped with a synchronising equipment to carry out the generator synchronization in external network and with a network analyzer that indicates the generation power, voltage and current, etc. - Control of circuit breakers and isolators from computer screen.

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